The Guide to Living in Maryland

THE GUIDE TO LIVING IN MARYLAND

The History of Maryland

Maryland's history dates back to the early 17th century when it was settled by English colonists. Founded in 1634 by Lord Baltimore, the colony was established as a haven for Catholics facing persecution in England. The first settlers arrived at St. Mary's City, which became the first capital.

Throughout the 17th century, Maryland developed a plantation economy, which relied heavily on tobacco cultivation and the labor of enslaved Africans. In 1649, the Assembly enacted the Maryland Toleration Act, one of the first laws granting religious freedom for Christians, demonstrating the colony's progressive stance compared to other colonies.

The colony played a significant role in the American Revolution, with many Marylanders participating in the Continental Army. The state ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1788, becoming the seventh state to do so. Baltimore, Maryland became a vital port, propelling Maryland's economy in the early 19th century.

Maryland was a border state during the Civil War, with divided loyalties. Despite its Union alignment, significant conflicts occurred within its borders. After the war, the state industrialized, particularly in shipbuilding and agriculture.

In the 20th century, Maryland witnessed significant social and economic changes, including urbanization and the rise of technology industries. The state is noted for its contributions to both the military and civilian sectors, with institutions such as the National Institutes of Health and the National Security Agency located within its borders.

Today, Maryland is recognized for its diverse culture and economy, reflecting its historical foundation as a crossroads of various influences and communities.